The main types of industries that came up in the 19th century in India Rengthanmawii,1301BA153

When the British authorities reorganized and regulated India’s economy, they organized a modern administration system which brought an transformation and new ideas to Indian in all aspects. While there was an changing in society, the rising industrial interest also wanted to make India a big market of their goods.

An important development in the second half of the 19^th century was the establishment of large-scale machine based industry in India.The machine age in India began when cotton textile, jute and coal mining industries were started in the 1850’s . The first textile mill was started in Bombay by Cowasjee Nanabhoy in 1853,and the first jute mill in Rishra(Bengal) in 1855.These industries slowly expand but continuously. In 1879, there were 56 cotton textile mills in India employing nearly 43,000 persons. In 1882, there were 20 jute mills, most of them in Bengal employing nearly 20,000 person. The coal-mining industry employed nearly one lakh of persons in 1906. Other mechanical industries which developed during the second half of the 19^th  and beginning of 20^th century were cotton gins and presses, rice, flours and timber mills,leathertanneries, wollen textiles, sugar mills,iron and steel and such mineral industries as salt,mica and saltpeter. Cement,paper,matches, sigar and glass industries developed during the 1930’s, but these had a very stunned growth.

Apart from machine based industry, the 19^th century also witnessed the growth of plantation industries such as indigo, tea and coffee. Indigo was used as a dye in textile manufacture and it was introduced into Indians at the end of the 18^th century and flourished in Bengal and Bihar. The tea industry was developed in Assam, Bengal and South India and the hills of Himachal Prades, after 1850 it was also become an important items of export. Coffee plantation also introduced during this period in South India.

Most of these Indian industries were owned or controlled by the British capital. Foreign capitalists also attracted to Indian industry because labours were extremely cheap raw materials were readily and cheaply available and for many goods, India and its neighbours provided a ready market. For many Indian products such as tea, jute and manganese, there was a ready demand the world over.

On the otherhand, the plantation and other foreign owned industries were of hardly any advantages to the Indians. Their profit went out of the country as most of their products were sold in foreign market. Thus, the industrial progress in India was exceedingly slow and painful.

                                              

The Main Types of Industries that came up in the 19^th century

British in India ram an awpchhung hian nasatakin kalphung leh tihdan thar an chhawpchhuaka, an awptawhloh hnu pawh hian India chuan hmasawnna tamtak a nei a ni. Ram in relbawl nana pawimawh em em eizawnna mumal leh sumdawnnatur an duang bawk a ni. Chu mai piah lamah ramdang sumdawng mite chuan India hi thlunzawm an lo tum fo thin a ni.

Kumzabi 19 nalaia sumdawnna kawng a rawn lar chho em em mai chu large-scale machine based industry(khawl hmanga sumdawnna siam). India pawhin kum 1850’s chho khan he eizanna hi alo hmelhriat ve a ni. Chung zing a larte chu  cotton textile, jute leh coal mining te an ni. Textile industry hi a hmasabera tan kum 1853 khan Bengal ah tan ania, a bultumtu chu CowasjeeNanabhoy a ni. Jute industry pawh hi a hmasaberatan kum1855 khan Risha(Bengal)ah tan a ni. Heng sumdawnna hi zawimuanga tan a ni a,kum1879 khan cotton textile mill hi 56 a awma,hnathawktu mi 43,000 zet rawih a ni. Kum 1882 pawh khan jute mills hi hmun 20 laiah a awma,a tam bernachu Bengal ah a ni,mi 20,000 velzet an thawk bawk a ni. Coal mining industry ah pawh hian mi 115,000 dawn laimaihnathawk an awm bawk a ni. Heng industry piahlamahhian cotton gins lehpresses,rice, flour leh timber mills te,leather tanneries ,wollentextiles,sugar mills ,iron te leh steel te hi 19^th leh 20^th century tir lam te khan alo piangchhuak  a, mineral industries-salt ,mica leh saltpeter te pawh a awmbawk ani.1930’s khan cement,paper, matches, sugar leh glass industry te pawh a awm bawk.

19^th century hian machine industry piahlamah plantation industries te hi a hmelhriatbawk a, chungte chu-indigo, tea leh coffee te a ni. Indigo hi 18^th century tawp lama rawnherchhuak a ni a, Bengal leh Bihar ah te a lar bik hle.Kum 1950 hnuah Tea industry hi Assam, Bengal ,south India leh Himachal Pradesh tlangram ah tesiam a nia,sumdawnna a thilthawnchhuahpawimawhberte zing ami a ni. Coffee plantation pawh hi South India ah hemi hunlaivek a rawn in tan a ni.

Heng sumdawnna hi a tlangpuiin British ho hnuaia awm a nia; chumai paihlamah ram pawn lam miten an bawh em em mai a, achhan chu hnathawkte hlawh a tlemmai bakah hmanrua mamawh te hmuh a awlsam a atlawmhlawmhlevangpawh a nibawk. A lehlam ah chuan heng khawl hmanga eizawnna emaw thlai chin asumdawn emawte hi India mipuite tan chuan hlawkna a tlem hle maia, a hlawknate chu ram danga a luanral vang leh thilsiam chhuah reng rengte ram pawn a zawrh thin anihvangtepawh a ni, heng ah hian British ho chuan a hlawkna an tel nasaber thin. Chutiang avangchuan Indian industrial progress hi India tan chuan a thanatthlakin a hlawklem lo em em bawk a ni