NATURE OF HISTORY
There are certain permanent characteristics for nature of History which make it unique, and also certain transient features which may change from time to time. The nature of History will change according to the prevailing philosophy of history and even from historian to historian according to his predilection and training.
1) History is man’s attempt to describe and interpret the past.
2) History is secular. It is concerned with temporal, mundane matters and not with spiritual efforts.
3) Another important characteristic feature of history is to be interested in the past.
4) History obliges people to think and be responsible.
5) Another chief characteristic of history is that history repeats itself.
6) History cannot be static as it moves in time.
7) According to Trevelyan there are three distinct functions of history. Viz,, the scientific, the imaginative and the literacy.
SCOPE OF HISTORY
The Scope of history has been variously viewed by historians. Dr. K.M. Munshi defines the scope of history thus: ‘The central purpose of a history, must, therefore be to investigate and unfold the values which age after age have inspired the inhabitants of a country to develop their collective will and to express it through the manifold activities of their life’.
In the early days, history was considered to be nothing but a store- house of legends, heroic accounts and folk-tales. But as days passed by, the scope of history underwent significant changes.
Necessarily history has to exclude from its purview, the study of natural objects and animals, birds, reptiles etc. Since it confines its attention to the story of man’s evolution from humble beginnings to complex achievements.
History is supposed to give a complete picture of every thing that has influenced man directly. Or indirectly.
In short, strictly speaking, history centers round the people inhabiting a country. It is the record of their life coming from a series of centuries, their fortunes, a achievements and pitfalls.
The scope of history is to enquire into the origin of the past and to determine relationship and comparisons. It will try to discover the shapes and contours of the forces which are dynamic in society. He knows that “Social forces are human energies which ‘ originating in individual motivation’ coalesce into a collective manifestation of power” and is interested in discovering source of these powers.
Generally. It is believed that history is concerned with man’s past achievements, whether the idea or the event in question occurred one minute ago or a thousand years ago. The past is of different kinds. It looks good for some people; and for others it is incredible. Some scholars assume that history had a very good start but by the time it reached the hand of a historian for treatment it gives deteriorated. Others are more hope full and supposed that the historical process resemble the growth of a person from innocent childhood to knowledge and nature adulthood. In spite of his occasional pitfalls and repressions man has been generally progressing.
In shaping like destiny of the world many great men rendered remarkable services. History never failed to include there names. This takes as to the (Great men Theory )in history.
In modern times there is a general feeling among the people that history has failed to include the role played by the common man in the society. History should not ignore the importance of common man in the society. It should be mentions in the history. In the Neolithic age man used to be picking the stone from the earth, but now in the far end of the 20th century, man is capable of landing on the moon and Mars, penetrating his eyes through the glass of his scientific advancement and he is reminded of Shakespeare’s famous dictum, “What a piece of work man is “. It cannot be denied that “Man has played a considerable role in the total history of mankind”.
Thus, the scope of history, in its restricted sense is nothing but a political history, Economic history, Social history and so on. In its broad sense, it is history of the entire world touching all its facets. On the whole history mainly centers round the great events that have had indelible and indestructible mark appoint mankind. In short history is concerned with the origin and development of all kinds.
HISTORY NIHPHUNG
History hian ze nghet tak mai a nei a, chu chu a danglamna tak pawh a ni. Tin, hun lo inher danglam ruala liam leh mai chi zia a nei bawk. Philosophy in a athunun dan a zir te historian hrang hrang te ngaihdan danglam thindan a zirte in history nihphung a in thlakthleng thei a ni.
1) History chu miin hun kaltawh an sawifiahna hi a ni.
2) History hi thlarau lam thil nilo in khawvel thil zirna a ni.
3) A ze pawimawh leh tak pakhat chu hun kaltawh ngaihven hi a ni.
4) History chuan mihringte hi hun kaltawh ngaihtuahna kawnga mawhphurhna la turin a phut tlat a ni.
5) Kawng dang leh ah chuan History hian amah leh amah a insawifiah a ni.
6) History hi a cherang a ni.
7) Trevelyan –a chuan History hian function chi thum a nei ati a chungte chu Finna, Suangtuah thiamna leh Thiamnate an ni.
HISTORY HUAM CHIN
Historian-te hian History huamchin hi hetiang hian an lo sawi a, Dr. K.M. Munshi chuan, History-in atum ber chu thil hlut zawng endikte, ram chhunga chengte an thilneih ti hmasawn tura tan laktir leh an thil neihte lantir a ni ati.
Hun hmasa lamah khan history hi chiktaka ngaihtuah a ni ngailo a, hmasang thawnthu, mi huaisen te chanchin leh thawnthu sawina ang mai mai chauh a ngaih a ni thin. Mahse hun alo kal zel a, history huamchin hi awmze nei zawk a zir alo nita a ni.
Natural object leh animal te Sava leh Raptiles leh thil dang dangte zirna hi history huang chhung ah dah a nilo a, mihring than chhoh zel dan mawltak an nih lai atanga anlo hlawhtlin chhoh dan te azir bing thin.
A tawi zawnga sawi chuan History hian ram chhunga cheng mihringte hi a huama, hmasang atang a an nundan chhinchhiah na leh anlo hlawhtlin dante hlauhawm an tawhte leh an nuna hlawhtlinna leh an tlakhawlh dan chhinchhiahna hi a ni.
History huamchin hi hun kaltawh alo intanna atang a fel tak a rem chhoh a khaikhinna hi a ni a, Society hmelhmang an chak leh chak loh te hmuhchhuah tuma zirna hi a ni.
History-ah chuan mite hlawhtlinna an ngaihdan emaw tun maia zawhna lo awm emaw kum tamtak kalta a mi pawh a huamtel a. Hunkaltawh chi hrang hrang a awm a. Thenkhat tan chuan a that lain thenkhat tan chuan a awiawmloh em em a. Zirmi thenkhat chuan history chu tha taka rawnin tan nan an sawi a. Naupang pawisawilo atanga puitlingte hriatna tihpunna kawngah a tha em em a ni.
Khawvelin a chanvo leh tihtur a tih hlawhtlinna kawngah mi thenkhat te chuan chhinchhiah tlak takin an thawk a, hei hian history ah theory ropui tak2 ah a awmtir thin a ni.
Modern times vel khan mipuite chuan history zirna hian khawtlang a mipuite pawimawhna a hmaih niin a hria a, history hian heng mipui te pawimawhna hi a Ignore thei hauhlo a ni, an history tichiang tutur anih tlat avanin. Neolithic age velah kha chuan mihring ten an hmanraw neih ve chhun chu lung a ni mai a, mahse 2th Century tawp lamah erawh mihringte thiamna lo sang zel chuan an khaw hawi ati zau a, athen chu thla-ah te mars-ah te an inkap kai ta un un mai a ni. Shakespeare-a chuan mihring hian hnam pumpui history kan zirna kawngah dinhmun pawimawh tak a chelh ani ati.
History kan tih hian heng Political history leh economic history te Social history te leh adang dang tepawh a awm thei ang. History hian khawvel puma thil thleng zawng zawng mai te hi ahuam vek a, atawi zawnga sawi chuan history hian mihringte lo to chhuahna leh an than chhoh zel dan te hi a huam vek a ni.
* REFERENCES:
1). Jayapalan N, Historiography, Allantic Publishers and distributiors (P) htd. 2003.
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