Subaltern means the lower class or exploited section of society. The word was associated with India in ancient time but this word was also associated with the history of other countries too. In each and every year there is lower or exploited class, which was totally neglected by the history writers or history.
The society of this class was totally neglected by the government as well as society also. Ranajit Guha is called the father of "Subaltern Studies". The books published during his time were mostly named on it. The writers or historians of Subaltern want to show the position of lower class in world as well as to show the direction to up the condition of lower class in society.
The new thoughts were given with the writing of this historian. Indian historians formed a group and wrote their own thoughts. According to Guha, Subaltern history became much famous in India and also got success at international level. According to Guha what the history writes were away from the reality of lower class he argues that History should also writes, the viewpoint of lower class. There was bounded area for the lower class which had no relation with society as well as with politics evens their presence was also neglected.
The historians who were not happy with Congress nationalism formed a new area which was even not-founded. The area the study of lower class was first touched by Guha. He wrote on (tribes, peasants) also on middle also. Now people started to look towards the problem of the lower class. He gave a new direction to the writing. This writing was totally different from other historians.
The Subaltern Studies arose in the 1980s, influenced by the scholarship of Eric Strokes, to attempt to formulate a new narrative history of India and South Asia. Where previously the history modern India and particularly of the nationalists movement was etched as a history of Indian ‘elites. Subaltern history has now always had easy relationship with feminism.
Subaltern sawifiah la, India-ah engtin nge alo in tan?
Subaltern chu khawtlanga mi hnuaihnung emaw hnuaichhiah an ni. He thu hian India hmalam nen pawh inzawmna a nei a, mahse hei hi ramdang history nen pawh a inzawm ve tho bawk. Kum tin hian mi hnuaihnung emaw hnuaichhiah hi an awm reng a, history ziaktu emaw history-ah hei hi hnawl a ni thin.
Hetianga mi hnuaihnung zawnkte hi sawkar bakah khawtlang pawhin an ngaihsak ngailo. Subalterian Studies-a an pa koh ber chu Ranajit Guha a ni. A hunlaia lehkhabu a chhuah zawng zawng deuhthaw pawh hetiang mite lamhawi zawng vek hi a ni. Subaltern chungchang ziaktute’n tarlan an duhber chu mi hnuaihnung zawkte dinhmun a ni a, hei mai bakah hian khawtlangah dinhmun tha an chan theihna tur tarlan an duh thin.
He ngaihdan vang hian historian tam takin an ngaihsak a, an chanchin pawh an ziah phah reng a ni. Guha chuan Subaltern history hi India-ah chuan an hmelhriat hle a, khawvel pum huapah pawh a hlawhtling hle niin a sawi. Guha tho hian history tam tak chuan mi hnuaihnung zawkte an hmaih a, history ziah anih chuan he’ng mi hnuaihnungte dinhmun pawh hi a tel tur a ni tiin a sawi bawk. Mi hnuaihnung zawkte hi an in kilhtawihna a nasa em em thin a, khawltalng nen inkungkaihna an nei ngai lo va hei bakah hian politics-a an inrawlh ve pawh phal a nilo.
Congress nationalism-a lungawi lo historians thenkhat chuan bung thar an siam a mahse awmze nei thi erawh a nilo. Mi hnuaihnung zawkte chungchang tarlang hmasa bertu chu Guha a ni a, tribal leh kuthnathawktute dinhmun pawh a tarlang bawk. Tunah chuan mipuite’n mi hnuaihnung zawkte buaina an ngaihsak ve tan ta. Guha hian kawngdik an zawh theihna tur a kawhhmuh a, mahse a thuziahdan hi historian dangte ziahdan nen chuan a danglam daih thung.
India-ah chuan kum 1980 tir lamah khan Subalterian zirna hi alo in tan a, Eric Stroker-a zirtirna in a thlentir a ni. He zirna thar hian India leh Asia Hmar lam history sawidan phung thar tha zawk duan tumna lam a ni. A tirlamah chuan modern Indian history leh nationalist movement-te kha India history-a ropui lai ber niin sawi thin a ni. Subalterian history hi hmeichhe dinhmun chawisan tumna (feminism) nen pawh a inzawm nghal mai bawk a ni.
* References:
1). http://www.preservearticles.com/2012031627580/what-do-you-mean-by-subaltern-and-when-did-subaltern-studies-start-in-india.html
2). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subaltern_(postcolonialism)
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