The Annales School is a group of historians associated with a style of historiography developed by French historian in the 20th century to stress a long-term social history. It is named after its scholarly journal Annales d’ histoire economique et sociale, which remain the main source of scholarship, along with many books and monographs. The school has been highly influential in setting the agenda for historiography in France and numerous other countries, especially regarding the use of social scientific methods by historians, emphasizing social rather than political or diplomatic themes, and for being generally hostile to the class analysis of Marxist historiography.
The Annales was founded and edited by Marc Bloch and Lucien Febvre in 1929, while they were teaching at the University of Strasbourg and later in Paris. Under Fernand Braudel’s direction the Annales School promoted a new form of history, replacing the study of leaders with the lives of ordinary people and replacing examination of politics, diplomacy, and wars with inquiries into climate, demography, agriculture, commerce, technology, transportation, and communication, as well as social groups and mentalities. While aiming at a “total history”, it also yielded dazzling micro-studies of villages and regions. Its international influence on historiography has been enormous.
Bloch and Febvre aimed to achieve a more ‘total’ and a more ‘humane’ integrated history that represents all aspects of man’s life in a society. They also advocated the use of diverse source and methodologies. Since such a wide ranging, total history is beyond the grasp of anyone individual, many were to be engaged in analyzing particular aspects of society. Therefore, the Annales School encouraged inter-disciplinary approaches in history writing. The first editorial committee of the Annales also consisted of scholars of different disciplines. Annales historiography dreamt of someday capturing ‘total history’, while will be ‘true history’.
The Annales School systematically reached out to create an impact on other countries. Its success varied widely. The Annales approaches was especially well received in Italy and Poland. Franciszek Bujan(1875-1953) and Jan Rutkowski(1886-1949), the founders of modern economic history in Poland and of the journal Roczniki Dziejow Spolecznych i Gospodarczych(1931), were attracted to the innovations of the Annales School. In South America, the Annales approaches became popularly.
The Annales approaches had been undergoing changes over the years as it expands its coverage on economy, society, civilizations and on the social sciences as a whole. Historians such as Marc Bloch, Lucien Febvre, Fernand Braudel, Georges Duby, Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie etc., redefined the historical practice time and again by constantly innovating in themes and methods. History of economic structures, of long-term developments, of mentalities, micro-history and cultural history have all benefitted significantly from the historians of this school.
MIZO TRANSLATION
Annales School hi historian awmkhawm French mite tihdan zulzuia kum zabi 20-na a khawthlang lam nundan zirmite’n an din ani. A hming hi zirmite chanchinbu Annales d’ hitoire economique et sociale tih atanga lak chhawn ani. He school hian French mai ni lo hmun hrang hrang a history zirdan chungchang ah hmun pawimawh tak a luah a, a bik takin historian thenkhat science thiamna hmanga thil ti thin ho, politic leh ram inrelbawldan aia pawl/huho nundan ngaipawimawh zawk,a khai khawmnaah chuan Marxist a history ziahdan pawmlo tute inzirna school kan ti thei awm e.
Annales School dintu leh a hnu a siam that u chu Marc Bloch leh Lucien Febvre te niin a, kum 1929 a University of Strasbourg leh a hnu a Paris a an thawhlai a an din ani. Fernand Braudel a kaihhruaina hnuaiah Annales school hian thil thar tam tak a chawinung a, hotu te zirna a ti danglamin minaran ho tan an hawng a, politics lam emaw ram inrelbawldan lam thil emaw exam dan te chu a ti danglam a, indona in ram bial khat khaw awmdan a tihdanglam dan te, naupiangzat emaw thi zat emaw te, ei leh bar chungchang te, inkalpawhna te, inbiakpawhna te, bakah pawl ho leh rilru lam thlengin an thlak danglam a. An thil tum ber chu ‘total history’ kan tih, thingtlang khua te ber atanga ram puma thil thleng eng pawh a te ber atanga a lian ber thleng a kan hriat theihna tur mumal taka awm tir a rahchhuah tir hi ani. Historiography chungchanga khawvel pumpui harh tir a tumna hi a thang chak hle ani.
Bloc leh Febvre a thil tum chu ‘total’ leh ‘humane’ te impumkhat tir a, chu chuan mihring nun ho na society a rah tha chuah tir a, tihhlawhtlin hi ani. Chumi atan chuan ngaihdan hrang hrang leh source hrang hrang an hmang bawk a. A zau thei ang ber a total history hi kal kual tir a, mi tupawh, mimal nun piah a nghet taka lo chelh a, mi zawng zawng impumkhat tir a, society khat a inkawp tir hi total history tum anih tih hria a, pawm tir ani. Chumi avang chuan, Annales school hian history ziah dan mumal tak ziaktu ten an neih theihna tur ruahmanna fel tak a rawn zirtir nasa em em a. Hemi avang hian Annales School a Editorial Committee an neih hmasak ber ah pawh discipline thil hrang hrang a mi thiam bik te hip khawmin a tel tir phah ani.He school suangtuahna ah chuan entik ah emaw chuan ‘total history’ hi kan ngai pawimawhin kan hrethiam ang a,history diktak ziahna tur a thil pawimawh leh dik tak anih zia kan pawm hun tur hi ani.
Annales school inenkawl dan tha tak hian khawvel ramdang ah nghawng neiin a thleng chak hle a. Hmun zau zawk ah a hlawhtling hle ani. Annales school darhna ah hian a bik takin Poland leh Italy ram te hian an lo dawngsawng tha hle a. Franciszek Bujak(1875-1953) leh Jan Rutkowski(1886-1949), Poland a moern economic history leh Roczniki Dziejow Spolecznych i Gospodarczych(1931) din tuta chu Annale school hian a hnehin a tidanglam nasa em em a. South America ah pawh he Annales School zirtirna hi a lar chak hle ani.
Annales historiography hi kumtin kan hriat loh lain a lo inthlak ve zel a, a huamchin te tih zauh belh zelin economy te, society te, civilizations leh social sciences kan tih te hi a huam tel vek ani. Histirian thenkhat heng Marc Bloch, Lucien Febvre, Fernand braudel, Georges Duby, Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie, etc., te ho hian history kan practice dan hi rawn sawifiah tha in, thupui mumal tak neih a, hun mumal tak, nghet tak a neih tir an tum ani. Economic history lo in dinchhuah dan te, hmasawnnna reizawk awm theih dan tur te, rilru inbuatsaihna tha tak neih te, history te reuh te, lang tham lo leh an hnam history tih dan phung an zirtir dan te avang hian he school atang hian historian ho hian hlawkna nasa tak an nei ani.
References:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/annalesschool
www.britannica.com/Annales-school
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